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Effect of Melatonin on Reversing Multidrug Resistance by Targeting Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in Leukemia Cancer Cells

Document Type : Research articles

Authors

1 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

2 Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

Background: Recently, melatonin has attracted massive attention due to its anticancer effect on various human malignancies. It has also been demonstrated that melatonin is useful in combating resistance against conventional chemotherapeutics.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate melatonins effects on multidrug resistance (MDR) in human myelogenous leukemia cells.
Methods: Melatonins cytotoxicity on the K562 and K562/doxorubicin (DOX) cell lines was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression and activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were measured as well. The mRNA and protein expression levels of tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) was assessed in cells. Eventually, apoptosis in cancer cells was measured through Annexin V/PI staining.
Results: Treatment with melatonin significantly increased the cytotoxicity of DOX in resistant K562 cells. The expression and activity of P-gp were attenuated following melatonin treatment. In addition, melatonin upregulated PTEN in K562/DOX cells. Melatonin also augmented apoptosis in combination with DOX.
Conclusion: Melatonin effectively increased the cytotoxic effects of DOX in K562/DOX cells through down-regulation of P-gp and up-regulation of PTEN in resistant K562 cells.

Keywords

References
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Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal (IRCMJ)
Volume 23, Issue 7 - Serial Number 7
2021
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History
  • Receive Date: 13 October 2020
  • Accept Date: 13 October 2020
  • First Publish Date: 01 July 2021
  • Publish Date: 01 July 2021
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