Document Type : Review articles

Authors

• Alireza Tehrani Yazdi
• Saeed Setayeshi

Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Context: The process of direct radiation to the tumor or tumor residue during surgery known as Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) is a new promising technique in the treatment of different cancers. For a detailed review of IORT application and effectiveness in breast cancer, we conducted a review of the present literature in the field.
Evidence Acquisition: In this study, the most important technologies for IORT were identified through a comprehensive study. Relevant, critical, and highly cited articles and studies were selected based on experts’ opinions. Data were summarized in sections of technology and physics, protocols, and treatment outcomes.
Results: Electron beam and low-energy X-ray technologies were explained, and the physique of IORT was discussed. Due to the uncertainties of this modality and geometric complexities of post-excision treatment site, specialized treatment planning systems for IORT are necessary. In breast cancer treatment, regardless of the employed technology, IORT is applied with two main protocols: Partial Breast Irradiation and Intraoperative Boost Irradiation, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.
Conclusions: Despite the controversies in acceptance and effectiveness of IORT, this technique seems to be promising for increased survival of breast cancer patients.

Keywords

• Breast
• Neoplasms
• Electron Beam
• Low-Energy X-ray Technologies
• Intraoperative Radiation Therapy
• IORT
• Outcome
• Physics
• Radiotherapy
• Residual
• Treatment